Background: Pea Island lifesaver surfman Lonnie Gray (rowing), Captain Richard Etheridge and crew
The Pea Island Life-Saving Station was a life-saving
station on Pea Island,
on the Outer Banks of North Carolina. It was the
first life-saving station in the country to have an all-black crew, and it was
the first in the nation to have a black man, Richard Etheridge, as commanding
officer.
Richard Etheridge was born a slave on January 16, 1842, and
like most Outer Bankers, learned to work the sea, fishing, piloting boats and
combing the beach for the refuse of wrecks. Even though it was illegal to do
so, his master also taught him to read and write.
During the Civil War, Richard Etheridge enlisted on August
28 and was assigned to the 36th United States Colored Troop. The 36th
distinguished itself during the September, 1864 Battle of New Market Heights,
Virginia when Union forces overran Lee's strong position and won an important
victory on the road to taking the Confederate capital at Richmond. Etheridge
was promoted to sergeant two days after the battle. At the War's close, Etheridge, now a Regimental Commissary
Sergeant, and the black troops of the Army of the James were regrouped into the
Ninth and Tenth Cavalry and sent to Texas. These units would become known as
the “Buffalo Soldiers.”